Setup at a Glance
Klondike uses a single standard 52-card deck. Deal seven tableau columns from left to right: column one gets one card, column two gets two, and so on through column seven with seven cards. The top card of each column is face-up; every card beneath it is face-down. That accounts for 28 cards. The remaining 24 cards form the stock pile, placed face-down above the tableau.
Quick Setup Summary
- Deck: 52 cards, no jokers
- Tableau: 7 columns (1-2-3-4-5-6-7 cards each)
- Face-up cards: 7 (one per column top)
- Face-down cards: 21 (hidden beneath)
- Stock pile: 24 cards remaining
- Foundations: 4 empty piles (one per suit)
- Waste pile: starts empty, receives drawn cards
The goal is to move all 52 cards onto the four foundation piles, building each suit from Ace through King. For full setup instructions, see our How to Play Klondike guide.
Card Movement Rules
Every move in Klondike follows a small set of strict rules. Understanding them removes guesswork and speeds up your play.
Tableau Rules
- Build columns in descending rank
- Alternate red and black suits
- Move single cards or ordered sequences
- Only a King (or King-led sequence) can fill an empty column
- Flipping a face-down card is automatic after uncovering it
Foundation Rules
- Build in ascending rank (Ace to King)
- Each pile is one suit only
- Must start with the Ace
- Cards can be moved back to the tableau (in most digital versions)
- Game is won when all four foundations reach King
Stock and Waste Rules
- Draw from the stock to the waste pile
- Only the top card of the waste pile is playable
- When the stock is empty, flip the waste pile to recycle the stock
- Unlimited redeals in standard rules; limited in Vegas scoring
Draw 1 vs Draw 3 Differences
The single biggest variable in Klondike is how many cards you flip from the stock at a time. This table summarizes everything that changes between the two modes.
| Feature | Draw 1 | Draw 3 |
|---|---|---|
| Cards flipped per draw | 1 | 3 |
| Stock cards accessible per pass | All 24 | ~8 of 24 |
| Difficulty | Easier | Significantly harder |
| Skill vs luck balance | More skill | More luck |
| Expert win rate | ~79-82% | ~25-33% |
| Recommended for | Beginners and strategy focus | Experienced players seeking challenge |
| Key advanced skill | Tableau optimization | Stock cycle tracking |
For a deeper analysis of both modes, read our full Draw 1 vs Draw 3 comparison.
Foundation Building Rules
The foundations are where you ultimately need every card. Building them correctly is straightforward, but the timing of when to send cards up is what separates beginners from experienced players.
Foundation Rules at a Glance
- Each foundation starts empty and must begin with an Ace
- Build up in sequential order: A, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, J, Q, K
- Each pile accepts only one suit (Spades, Hearts, Diamonds, or Clubs)
- A foundation is complete when it reaches King
- All four foundations complete = you win
Timing tip: Do not rush cards to the foundations. A Red 6 on a foundation means you cannot use it to hold a Black 5 on the tableau. Always ask: "Will I need this card as a tableau building target before I can safely send it up?" Aces and Twos are always safe to send immediately.
Key Strategy Tips
These ten principles cover the most impactful decisions in Klondike. Memorize them and apply them in order of priority.
- Always uncover face-down cards first. Every hidden card is information you cannot use. Prioritize moves that flip face-down cards over moves that rearrange face-up cards.
- Send Aces and Twos to foundations immediately. These cards have no tableau building value. Holding them gains nothing.
- Keep foundation piles balanced. Do not build one suit to 8 while another is on 2. Unbalanced foundations lock cards you need for tableau building.
- Prefer longer columns for Kings. When you have a choice of empty columns, place Kings that can immediately accept other cards into the largest available space.
- Do not empty a column without a King ready. An empty column that stays empty is a wasted resource. Only clear a column when you have a King (or King-led sequence) to fill it.
- Think two moves ahead before drawing from the stock. Exhaust all productive tableau moves before turning to the stock. Every card you play from the tableau changes what the stock can offer.
- Alternate color placement matters. When two cards of the same rank but different colors can go on the same target, choose the one that uncovers more face-down cards.
- Track the stock in Draw 3. Note which cards are in positions 1, 2, and 3 of each group. A card in position 2 or 3 becomes accessible if you play the card above it.
- Avoid building long descending sequences on the tableau too early. A column with K-Q-J-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2 looks impressive but locks twelve cards that cannot reach the foundation until the Ace appears.
- Recognize when a game is stuck. If cycling the stock produces no new playable cards and no tableau moves exist, the game is unwinnable. Starting a new deal is better than forcing moves that go nowhere.
For deeper exploration of these concepts, see our Klondike Strategy Guide and Tips and Tricks page.
Win Rate Statistics
These numbers come from large-scale simulations and aggregated player data. They give you a realistic benchmark for measuring your own performance.
| Skill Level | Draw 1 Win Rate | Draw 3 Win Rate |
|---|---|---|
| Beginner | 25-35% | 2-5% |
| Intermediate | 45-60% | 10-15% |
| Advanced | 60-75% | 15-25% |
| Expert | 79-82% | 25-33% |
| Theoretical maximum (solver) | ~82% | ~78-82% |
Note: The theoretical maximum for Draw 3 is similar to Draw 1 because a perfect solver with unlimited lookahead can access the same cards through stock cycling. The enormous gap at the human level exists because human memory and planning cannot replicate solver-level stock tracking.
Scoring Systems: Standard vs Vegas
Klondike supports two common scoring systems. Which one you play affects strategy because the incentive structure changes.
| Action | Standard Scoring | Vegas Scoring |
|---|---|---|
| Card to foundation | +10 points | +$5 |
| Card from waste to tableau | +5 points | $0 |
| Flip face-down card | +5 points | $0 |
| Card from foundation to tableau | -15 points | $0 |
| Stock recycle | -20 points (Draw 1) / $0 (Draw 3) | N/A (limited redeals) |
| Starting balance | 0 points | -$52 (you "buy" the deck) |
| Perfect game | ~700-760 points | +$208 profit ($260 - $52) |
In Standard scoring, recycling the stock costs points, which encourages efficient play. In Vegas scoring, you pay $52 upfront and earn $5 per foundation card, so every card matters and redeals are typically limited to one or three passes. For a complete breakdown, visit our Vegas Scoring guide.
Keyboard Shortcuts
Playing with keyboard shortcuts is faster than clicking or dragging. These shortcuts work in our online Klondike game.
| Shortcut | Action |
|---|---|
Space or D | Draw from stock |
U or Ctrl+Z | Undo last move |
N | New game |
R | Restart current deal |
H | Show hint |
| Double-click a card | Auto-move to foundation (if valid) |
Speed tip: Double-clicking is the fastest way to send cards to foundations. Combine it with the draw shortcut to play entire stock cycles without touching your mouse.
Decision Flowchart: When to Draw vs When to Move
Use this step-by-step checklist before every draw from the stock. Work through it from top to bottom. If any step yields a move, make that move before considering the stock.
Before Drawing from Stock
- Check for Aces and Twos. Send any Ace or Two to the foundation immediately. These moves are always free and always correct.
- Look for face-down card reveals. Can any single move expose a hidden card? If yes, make that move. Information is the most valuable resource in Klondike.
- Check for foundation-safe cards. A card is safe to send to the foundation if both cards of the opposite color and one rank lower are already on foundations. Example: sending a Red 6 up is safe when both Black 5s are already on foundations.
- Look for productive tableau reorganization. Can you consolidate columns to free up a space for a waiting King? Can you move a sequence to uncover a card needed elsewhere?
- Check for empty column opportunities. Do you have a King ready to fill an empty column? If not, avoid creating empty columns just for the sake of it.
When to Draw
- No tableau moves uncover face-down cards
- No cards are safe to send to foundations
- No productive reorganization is available
- You need a specific card to continue and it might be in the stock
Draw 3 Extra Consideration
In Draw 3, sometimes making a less-than-ideal tableau move is correct if it shifts the stock cycle to bring a needed card into the accessible position. Before drawing, ask: "If I play this waste card, will the next draw reveal something I need?" This stock-manipulation awareness is the main skill separating intermediate and advanced Draw 3 players.
Put the Cheat Sheet to Work
Apply these rules and strategies in a real game. Our Klondike Solitaire plays in your browser with no downloads and no sign-up required.